Ultrasonic Spray Deposition for Production of Organic Solar Cells

K. Xerxes Steirer; Matthew O. Reese; Benjamin L. Rupert; Nikos Kopidakis; Dana C. Olson; Reuben T. Collins; David S. Ginley

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.026

Ultrasonic Spray Deposition for Production of Organic Solar Cells

K. Xerxes Steirer
, Matthew O. Reese
, Benjamin L. Rupert
, Nikos Kopidakis
, Dana C. Olson
, Reuben T. Collins
, David S. Ginley

Colorado School of Mines
National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

180 Scopus Citations

Abstract

Recent improvements of organic photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies have motivated development of scalable processing techniques. We compare chlorobenzene and p-xylene, as solvents with similar bulk properties, in a case study of ultrasonic spray depositions of bulk heterojunction layers in photovoltaic devices. Structure and morphology of spray-deposited films are investigated via small-angle X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. Unique phases are observed in bulk heterostructure films sprayed from p-xylene. Films sprayed from chlorobenzene resulted in higher device efficiencies than p-xylene due to large differences in film morphologies. Carrier loss mechanisms are also investigated. Post-production annealing increases power conversion efficiency to 3.2% when chlorobenzene is used.

Original language	American English
Pages (from-to)	447-453
Number of pages	7
Journal	Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
Volume	93
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.026 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.026
State	Published - 2009

NLR Publication Number

NREL/JA-520-44463

Keywords

Bulk heterojunction
Deposition
Organic
Photovoltaic
Process
Spray

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title = "Ultrasonic Spray Deposition for Production of Organic Solar Cells",

abstract = "Recent improvements of organic photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies have motivated development of scalable processing techniques. We compare chlorobenzene and p-xylene, as solvents with similar bulk properties, in a case study of ultrasonic spray depositions of bulk heterojunction layers in photovoltaic devices. Structure and morphology of spray-deposited films are investigated via small-angle X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. Unique phases are observed in bulk heterostructure films sprayed from p-xylene. Films sprayed from chlorobenzene resulted in higher device efficiencies than p-xylene due to large differences in film morphologies. Carrier loss mechanisms are also investigated. Post-production annealing increases power conversion efficiency to 3.2\% when chlorobenzene is used.",

keywords = "Bulk heterojunction, Deposition, Organic, Photovoltaic, Process, Spray",

author = "Steirer, \{K. Xerxes\} and Reese, \{Matthew O.\} and Rupert, \{Benjamin L.\} and Nikos Kopidakis and Olson, \{Dana C.\} and Collins, \{Reuben T.\} and Ginley, \{David S.\}",

year = "2009",

doi = "10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.026",

language = "American English",

volume = "93",

pages = "447--453",

journal = "Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells",

issn = "0927-0248",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

number = "4",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Ultrasonic Spray Deposition for Production of Organic Solar Cells

AU - Steirer, K. Xerxes

AU - Reese, Matthew O.

AU - Rupert, Benjamin L.

AU - Kopidakis, Nikos

AU - Olson, Dana C.

AU - Collins, Reuben T.

AU - Ginley, David S.

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - Recent improvements of organic photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies have motivated development of scalable processing techniques. We compare chlorobenzene and p-xylene, as solvents with similar bulk properties, in a case study of ultrasonic spray depositions of bulk heterojunction layers in photovoltaic devices. Structure and morphology of spray-deposited films are investigated via small-angle X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. Unique phases are observed in bulk heterostructure films sprayed from p-xylene. Films sprayed from chlorobenzene resulted in higher device efficiencies than p-xylene due to large differences in film morphologies. Carrier loss mechanisms are also investigated. Post-production annealing increases power conversion efficiency to 3.2% when chlorobenzene is used.

AB - Recent improvements of organic photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies have motivated development of scalable processing techniques. We compare chlorobenzene and p-xylene, as solvents with similar bulk properties, in a case study of ultrasonic spray depositions of bulk heterojunction layers in photovoltaic devices. Structure and morphology of spray-deposited films are investigated via small-angle X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. Unique phases are observed in bulk heterostructure films sprayed from p-xylene. Films sprayed from chlorobenzene resulted in higher device efficiencies than p-xylene due to large differences in film morphologies. Carrier loss mechanisms are also investigated. Post-production annealing increases power conversion efficiency to 3.2% when chlorobenzene is used.

KW - Bulk heterojunction

KW - Deposition

KW - Organic

KW - Photovoltaic

KW - Process

KW - Spray

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/60449119508

U2 - 10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.026

DO - 10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.026

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:60449119508

SN - 0927-0248

VL - 93

SP - 447

EP - 453

JO - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

JF - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

IS - 4

ER -

Ultrasonic Spray Deposition for Production of Organic Solar Cells

Abstract

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Keywords

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