Key Structural and Defect Chemical Aspects of Cd-In-Sn-O Transparent Conducting Oxides

T. O. Mason; D. R. Kammler; B. J. Ingram; G. B. Gonzalez; D. L. Young; T. J. Coutts

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2003.08.012

Key Structural and Defect Chemical Aspects of Cd-In-Sn-O Transparent Conducting Oxides

T. O. Mason
, D. R. Kammler
, B. J. Ingram
, G. B. Gonzalez
, D. L. Young
, T. J. Coutts

Chemistry and Nanoscience

Northwestern University
Sandia Laboratories Albuquerque
National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

18 Scopus Citations

Abstract

The equilibrium phase diagram (1175 °C in air), solubility ranges and room temperature physical properties (electrical, optical) were established for the various n-type transparent conductors in the CdO-In₂O ₃-SnO₂ system. Extended solubility ranges were found to exist at constant Cd/Sn ratio for the bixbyite, spinel and orthorhombic perovskite phases. This is attributed to the isovalent and nearly size-matched nature of the co-substitution. Still larger solubility ranges were found for metastably-processed thin films. Co-doped bixyite and spinel phases were found to be inherently off-stoichiometric with respect to cation composition, leading to self-doped n-type character, in bulk and films. A correlation was found between optimized conductivity in the various phases and the density of octahedral Cd, In and/or Sn species in their crystal structures.

Original language	American English
Pages (from-to)	186-192
Number of pages	7
Journal	Thin Solid Films
Volume	445
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2003.08.012 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2003.08.012
State	Published - 2003
Event	Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Transparent Oxide - Tokyo, Japan Duration: 10 Apr 2003 → 11 Apr 2003

NLR Publication Number

NREL/JA-520-35930

Keywords

Bixbyite
Cd-In-Sn-O system
Perovskite
Spinel
Transparent conducting oxide (TCO)

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title = "Key Structural and Defect Chemical Aspects of Cd-In-Sn-O Transparent Conducting Oxides",

abstract = "The equilibrium phase diagram (1175 °C in air), solubility ranges and room temperature physical properties (electrical, optical) were established for the various n-type transparent conductors in the CdO-In2O 3-SnO2 system. Extended solubility ranges were found to exist at constant Cd/Sn ratio for the bixbyite, spinel and orthorhombic perovskite phases. This is attributed to the isovalent and nearly size-matched nature of the co-substitution. Still larger solubility ranges were found for metastably-processed thin films. Co-doped bixyite and spinel phases were found to be inherently off-stoichiometric with respect to cation composition, leading to self-doped n-type character, in bulk and films. A correlation was found between optimized conductivity in the various phases and the density of octahedral Cd, In and/or Sn species in their crystal structures.",

keywords = "Bixbyite, Cd-In-Sn-O system, Perovskite, Spinel, Transparent conducting oxide (TCO)",

author = "Mason, \{T. O.\} and Kammler, \{D. R.\} and Ingram, \{B. J.\} and Gonzalez, \{G. B.\} and Young, \{D. L.\} and Coutts, \{T. J.\}",

year = "2003",

doi = "10.1016/j.tsf.2003.08.012",

language = "American English",

volume = "445",

pages = "186--192",

journal = "Thin Solid Films",

issn = "0040-6090",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

number = "2",

note = "Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Transparent Oxide ; Conference date: 10-04-2003 Through 11-04-2003",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Key Structural and Defect Chemical Aspects of Cd-In-Sn-O Transparent Conducting Oxides

AU - Mason, T. O.

AU - Kammler, D. R.

AU - Ingram, B. J.

AU - Gonzalez, G. B.

AU - Young, D. L.

AU - Coutts, T. J.

PY - 2003

Y1 - 2003

N2 - The equilibrium phase diagram (1175 °C in air), solubility ranges and room temperature physical properties (electrical, optical) were established for the various n-type transparent conductors in the CdO-In2O 3-SnO2 system. Extended solubility ranges were found to exist at constant Cd/Sn ratio for the bixbyite, spinel and orthorhombic perovskite phases. This is attributed to the isovalent and nearly size-matched nature of the co-substitution. Still larger solubility ranges were found for metastably-processed thin films. Co-doped bixyite and spinel phases were found to be inherently off-stoichiometric with respect to cation composition, leading to self-doped n-type character, in bulk and films. A correlation was found between optimized conductivity in the various phases and the density of octahedral Cd, In and/or Sn species in their crystal structures.

AB - The equilibrium phase diagram (1175 °C in air), solubility ranges and room temperature physical properties (electrical, optical) were established for the various n-type transparent conductors in the CdO-In2O 3-SnO2 system. Extended solubility ranges were found to exist at constant Cd/Sn ratio for the bixbyite, spinel and orthorhombic perovskite phases. This is attributed to the isovalent and nearly size-matched nature of the co-substitution. Still larger solubility ranges were found for metastably-processed thin films. Co-doped bixyite and spinel phases were found to be inherently off-stoichiometric with respect to cation composition, leading to self-doped n-type character, in bulk and films. A correlation was found between optimized conductivity in the various phases and the density of octahedral Cd, In and/or Sn species in their crystal structures.

KW - Bixbyite

KW - Cd-In-Sn-O system

KW - Perovskite

KW - Spinel

KW - Transparent conducting oxide (TCO)

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/1642393599

U2 - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.08.012

DO - 10.1016/j.tsf.2003.08.012

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:1642393599

SN - 0040-6090

VL - 445

SP - 186

EP - 192

JO - Thin Solid Films

JF - Thin Solid Films

IS - 2

T2 - Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Transparent Oxide

Y2 - 10 April 2003 through 11 April 2003

ER -

Key Structural and Defect Chemical Aspects of Cd-In-Sn-O Transparent Conducting Oxides

Abstract

NLR Publication Number

Keywords

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