Investigating Multi-Microgrid Black Start Methods Using Grid-Forming Inverters

Elliott Fix; Abhishek Banerjee; Ulrich Muenz; Gab-Su Seo

doi:10.1109/ISGT51731.2023.10066412

Investigating Multi-Microgrid Black Start Methods Using Grid-Forming Inverters

Elliott Fix
, Abhishek Banerjee
, Ulrich Muenz
, Gab-Su Seo

Power Systems Engineering

Siemens

Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper › peer-review

13 Scopus Citations

Abstract

This paper examines state-of-the-art microgrid (MG) black-start technologies with grid-forming (GFM) inverter-based resources (IBRs) and proposes black start and interconnection methods for 100% inverter-based MGs. A multiple-MG approach is proposed and compared to the existing methods in a 4-bus, 12-GFM inverter simulation test setup. This investigation involves intelligent synchronization units that enable the autonomous synchronization of multiple MGs based on their terminal measurements. MGs in this setup are held at different loading levels and comprise averaged models of GFM inverters. The results of the black-start techniques are compared, and conclusions are drawn to better prepare MG planners and distribution system operators for next-generation, multi-MG, GFM inverter-based, black-start procedures.

Original language	American English
Number of pages	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT51731.2023.10066412 https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT51731.2023.10066412
State	Published - 2023
Event	2023 IEEE Power and Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, ISGT 2023 - Washington, United States Duration: 16 Jan 2023 → 19 Jan 2023

Conference

Conference	2023 IEEE Power and Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, ISGT 2023
Country/Territory	United States
City	Washington
Period	16/01/23 → 19/01/23

Bibliographical note

See NREL/CP-5D00-83956 for preprint

NLR Publication Number

NREL/CP-5D00-86222

Keywords

black start
bottom-up restoration
grid-forming inverter
inverter-based resources
microgrid
synchrobreaker

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Fix, E., Banerjee, A., Muenz, U., & Seo, G.-S. (2023). Investigating Multi-Microgrid Black Start Methods Using Grid-Forming Inverters. Paper presented at 2023 IEEE Power and Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, ISGT 2023, Washington, United States. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT51731.2023.10066412, https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT51731.2023.10066412

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abstract = "This paper examines state-of-the-art microgrid (MG) black-start technologies with grid-forming (GFM) inverter-based resources (IBRs) and proposes black start and interconnection methods for 100\% inverter-based MGs. A multiple-MG approach is proposed and compared to the existing methods in a 4-bus, 12-GFM inverter simulation test setup. This investigation involves intelligent synchronization units that enable the autonomous synchronization of multiple MGs based on their terminal measurements. MGs in this setup are held at different loading levels and comprise averaged models of GFM inverters. The results of the black-start techniques are compared, and conclusions are drawn to better prepare MG planners and distribution system operators for next-generation, multi-MG, GFM inverter-based, black-start procedures.",

keywords = "black start, bottom-up restoration, grid-forming inverter, inverter-based resources, microgrid, synchrobreaker",

author = "Elliott Fix and Abhishek Banerjee and Ulrich Muenz and Gab-Su Seo",

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Fix, E, Banerjee, A, Muenz, U & Seo, G-S 2023, 'Investigating Multi-Microgrid Black Start Methods Using Grid-Forming Inverters', Paper presented at 2023 IEEE Power and Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, ISGT 2023, Washington, United States, 16/01/23 - 19/01/23. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT51731.2023.10066412, https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT51731.2023.10066412

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T1 - Investigating Multi-Microgrid Black Start Methods Using Grid-Forming Inverters

AU - Fix, Elliott

AU - Banerjee, Abhishek

AU - Muenz, Ulrich

AU - Seo, Gab-Su

N1 - See NREL/CP-5D00-83956 for preprint

PY - 2023

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AB - This paper examines state-of-the-art microgrid (MG) black-start technologies with grid-forming (GFM) inverter-based resources (IBRs) and proposes black start and interconnection methods for 100% inverter-based MGs. A multiple-MG approach is proposed and compared to the existing methods in a 4-bus, 12-GFM inverter simulation test setup. This investigation involves intelligent synchronization units that enable the autonomous synchronization of multiple MGs based on their terminal measurements. MGs in this setup are held at different loading levels and comprise averaged models of GFM inverters. The results of the black-start techniques are compared, and conclusions are drawn to better prepare MG planners and distribution system operators for next-generation, multi-MG, GFM inverter-based, black-start procedures.

KW - black start

KW - bottom-up restoration

KW - grid-forming inverter

KW - inverter-based resources

KW - microgrid

KW - synchrobreaker

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DO - 10.1109/ISGT51731.2023.10066412

M3 - Paper

AN - SCOPUS:85151549671

T2 - 2023 IEEE Power and Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, ISGT 2023

Y2 - 16 January 2023 through 19 January 2023

ER -

Investigating Multi-Microgrid Black Start Methods Using Grid-Forming Inverters

Abstract

Conference

Bibliographical note

NLR Publication Number

Keywords

Access to Document

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