Interactive Oscillation Visualization of Grid Interactive Inverter-Based Resources

This paper presents a method of interactively visualizing inter-oscillations among multiple grid-interactive inverter-based resources (IBRs). Particularly, the interactions among IBRs with various control functions, such as droop-based grid-forming (GFM) control, virtual synchronous machine (VSM) control, conventional grid-following (GFL) control, among others, and synchronous generators (SGs) are highlighted, especially emphasizing the oscillation modes triggered in hybrid IBR and SG systems. Note that conventional oscillation analysis in traditional power systems focuses on the interactions between multiple rotating generators (e.g., low-frequency oscillation induced by rotor speed interactions). The oscillation analysis in this work focuses on the cross-domain interactions covering both control diagram (e.g., current and voltage control loops, droop control, among others) and physical networks (e.g., power lines, load centers, among others). More importantly, an interactive oscillation visualization framework is developed. Dynamic visualization is vital in understanding system response, and an online visualization panel is designed accordingly to allow users to tune various system parameters in the control diagram and the main power circuit. The specifics of the oscillation analysis (e.g., multiple oscillation modes with different oscillation frequencies, damping factors, and participation factors) are dynamically and intuitively visualized with the user-defined system parameters. A two-bus IBR system is used to test the visualization tool and detailed analyses covering exhaustive test cases have been included to comprehensively demonstrate the visualization tool's capability.