Chapter 3 - Spectral Solar Irradiance: Calibration Methods and Measurement Techniques

Spectral irradiance measurement as a key indicator of optical power across the different wavelengths impacts various fields such as solar energy, biology, and environmental monitoring. This chapter focuses on the application and impact of the former. The application of measured spectral irradiance to solar energy includes understanding of PV material degradation, calibration of PV devices, and understanding the transmittance, reflectance, and absorptance of materials. To assist properly for such applications, the chapter addresses appropriate calibration of spectroradiometers, types of instrumentation, and measurement practices of spectral irradiance using spectroradiometers. Further, the mathematical treatment and associated uncertainty quantification approach are discussed.