Overview
Personal Profile
Xiaofei Pu works on research and development in the nexus of renewable energy, subsurface systems, material science, and geochemistry. At NLR, she is leading and participating in projects and efforts on natural and geologic hydrogen production and exploration, subsurface hydrogen storage (engineered and geological), geothermal heat pump technologies, industrial decarbonization, lithium exploration from geothermal brines, and thermal energy materials research. Previously, she has also worked on lithium-ion battery recycling and next-generation battery safety evaluations.
Research Interests
Geologic hydrogen
Subsurface hydrogen storage
Geothermal energy
Thermal energy materials
Industrial decarbonization
Professional Experience
Instrument Scientist, Idaho National Laboratory (2019–2023)
Affiliated Graduate Faculty, Idaho State University (2020–2024)
Education/Academic Qualification
PhD, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan
Fingerprint
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Collaborations and Top Research Areas From the Past 5 Years
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Geothermal Heat Pump System Showcase: Short-Term Validation of Borehole Heat Exchanger Performance from Field Data to Numerical Modeling: Preprint
Oh, H., Javed, S. & Pu, X., 2026. 12 p.Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper
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Addressing the Safety of Next-Generation Batteries
Yang, C., Singh, A., Pu, X., Mallarapu, A., Smith, K., Keyser, M., Haberman, M., Khani, H., Misztal, P., Spray, R., Ezekoye, O. & Finegan, D., 2025, In: Nature. 645, p. 603-613 11 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
35 Scopus Citations -
Heterogeneity of the Dominant Causes of Performance Loss in End-of-Life Cathodes and Their Consequences for Direct Recycling: Article No. 2405371
Popeil, M., Usseglio-Viretta, F., Pu, X., Gasper, P., Dutta, N., Wang, E., Allen, E., Mangum, J., Sunderlin, N., Fink, K., Allen, J., Weddle, P., DeCaluwe, S. & Finegan, D., 2025, In: Advanced Energy Materials. 15, 46, 15 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
3 Scopus Citations -
R&D Effort of Geologic Hydrogen Production at the National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL)
Pu, X., Chou, K., Yu, J., Akindipe, D., Ihly, R., Sebesta, J., Wu, C., Dong, T., Bell, R., Martin, J., Brunik, K. & King, J., 2025, 1 p. National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR).Research output: NLR › Poster
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Unveiling and Mapping Polymorphs in Fluorite Y2TiO5 Using 4D-STEM and Unsupervised Machine Learning: Article No. e20309
Hershkovitz, E., Yoo, T., Pu, X., Bawane, K., Nakayama, T., Suematsu, H., He, L. & Kim, H., 2025, In: Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 108, 4, 13 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
1 Scopus Citations
Activities
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Geological Society of America (External organization)
Davalos Elizondo, E. (Member) & Pu, X. (Member)
0001Activity: Membership › Membership of network
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Geothermal Rising – Colorado Regional Interest Group (External organization)
Pu, X. (Member)
0001Activity: Membership › Membership of network
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International Ground Source Heat Pump Association (External organization)
Pu, X. (Member)
0001Activity: Membership › Membership of network
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Microscopy Society of America/Microanalysis Society (External organization)
Mangum, J. (Member), Smeaton, M. (Member), Pu, X. (Member) & Spurgeon, S. (Member)
0001Activity: Membership › Membership of network
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Mineralogy Society of America (External organization)
Pu, X. (Member)
0001Activity: Membership › Membership of network